Eleutherococcus trifoliatus
(L.) S.Y.Hu
Latin Name: Eleutherococcus
trifoliatus (L.) S.Y.Hu
Synonym Name: Acanthopanax
trifoliatus (L.) Merr.; Araliaceae
English Name: Trifoliate Acanthopanax, Three-leaved Acanthopanax
Description: Shrubs, scandent or climbers, to 7 m tall. Branches
with scattered, recurved prickles. Petiole 2-6 cm, glabrous, prickly; petiolules
2-8 mm; leaflets 3(-5), ovate, elliptic-ovate, or oblong, 4-10 × 2-4.5 cm,
papery, adaxially glabrous or slightly setose on midvein and veins, secondary
veins 5 or 6 pairs, base cuneate, margin serrulate, apex acute or acuminate.
Inflorescence a terminal raceme of umbels or a compound umbel, borne on leafy
shoots, with 3-10 umbels; peduncles 2-7 cm; pedicels 1-2 cm. Calyx with 5
teeth, glabrous. Ovary 2-carpellate; styles united to middle. Fruit globose,
laterally compressed, 3-4 mm; style bifid, ca. 1.5 mm. Fl. Aug-Nov, fr.
Sep-Dec.
Distribution: Growing in villages, on roadside on slops, forest
edges and thickets, vertically above sea level up to 3,200m. Distributed in
South-central and Southwest China.
Part Used: roots, root barks, fowers and twigs.
Chinese name: roots or root barks: Sanjiapi. Twigs: Bailezhiye.
Flowers: Sanjiahua.
Harvest & Processing: Roots:
excavated in Sep-Oct, used fresh or picked off root bark when fresh and sun-dried.
Tender branches and leaves: harvested throughout the year. Fresh used o
sun-dried. Flowers: harvested from June to Nov, well washed and used fresh.
Chemistry: Roots and leaves
contain: [3α, 11α-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid], β-sitosterol, triacontanol,
dotriacontanol and hentriacontane, etc. Stems mainly contain fatty acid,
n-pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid and arachidic
acid, etc.
Properties & Actions: Root: bitter, pungent, cool. Twiggery
leaves: bitter, pungent, little cold. Roots: clearing heat-toxin, dispersing
wind and dampness, quickening blood for relaxing sinew. Tender branches and
leaves: clearing heat-toxin, quickening blood for detumescence and removing
dampness for closing sores. Flowers: detoxicating for closing sores.
Indications & Usage:
Root: cold and pyrexia, pharyngalgia, headache, pain of gastric
cavity, diarrhea, dysentery, costalgia, jaundice, rheumatic arthralgia,
weakness in loins and legs, fall injuries and fractures, mammary abscess,
pyocutaneous disease and swelling, bites by snakes and insects. Tender branches
and leaves: cold and pyrexia, cough and chest pain, dysentery, Rheumatic
arthralgia, injury from falls, fractures, cuts, ulcerative carbuncle and
suppurative infection, sore mouth, eczema, scabies, bites by toxic insects.
Flower: dermatitis rhus. Roots:
oral administration: decocting, 15-30g; large amount up to 60g; or made as
medicinal liquor; external application: appropriate amount, in powdered or
smashed form or prepared decoction for washing. Use with caution in case of
pregnancy. Tender branches and leaves: oral administration: decocting, 9-30g;
or infused in boiled water. External application: appropriate amount, prepared
decoction for washing, or applied in smashed form.
Examples
1. Cold and pyrexia: Sanjiapi root 15-60g. Decoct in water for oral
dose.
2. Cough and asthma: cisanjia root 15g, Korean raspberry root 15g,
sunflowerchuxin 15g, decoct and swallow.
3. Measles combined pneumonia: trifoliate acanthopanax root,
qingtongmu, dwarf lilyturf, white mulberry root bark, 6g each, kudzu root 6g.
Decoct in water for oral dose.
4. Rheumatic arthralgia: trifoliate acanthopanax flower root
30-60g. Stew with half alcohol and water, and eat.
5. Eczema: trifoliate acanthopanax root 30g, stew with fat pork and
eat; take an appropriate amount of trifoliate acanthopanax root, decoct in
water and wash the outside.
libproject.hkbu.edu.hk
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