0 Spiny-headed Mat-rush (Lomandra longifolia)

 Spiny-headed Mat-rush (Lomandra longifolia)

Spiny-headed Mat-rush is a large tussocky plant that is common throughout south-eastern Australia and is found across most of Victoria. The Wurundjeri people particularly favour this plant for weaving cultural items such as necklaces, headbands, girdles, baskets,

mats and bags for carrying foods, as well as for making technologies such as eel traps and hunting nets. Its seeds, high in protein, can be collected and pounded into a bread mix, with the core of the plant and the base of the leaves eaten as a vegetable. Aboriginal peoples use the roots to treat bites and stings. Lomandra is a food plant for the caterpillars of several butterflies.

Soure: Indigenous plant use; A booklet on the medicinal, nutritional and technological use of indigenous plants; By Zena Cumpston; Clean Air and Urban Landscapes (CAUL) Hub in Melbourne 

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0 Holarrhena curtisii King & Gamble,

Holarrhena curtisii King & Gamble, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74(2): 446 (1908).

Holarrhena curtisii King & Gamble; Photos Hoang Thanh Son

Vietnamese name: 

Mức hoa trắng nhỏ

Chinese name:

English name:

Latin Name: 

Holarrhena curtisii King & Gamble 

Synonym Name: 

Holarrhena angustata Pierre 

Holarrhena crassifolia Pierre 

Holarrhena crassifolia var. montana Pierre ex Spire

Holarrhena densiflora Ridl.

Holarrhena latifolia Ridl.

Holarrhena pulcherrima Ridl.

Holarrhena similis Craib

Family: 

Apocynaceae

Description: 

Shrub to 2.5 m. Branchlets densely to sparsely pubescent. Leaves: Inflorescence a terminal cyme, rarely appearing axillary, 3-12.5 cm long, lax, pubescent. Sepals linear, 2.5-7.5 by 0.8-1.2 mm, 3-7.5 times as long as wide, pubescent outside and inside, colleters few or absent near the base. Stamens inserted at 1.6-2.4 mm from corolla base; Ovaries 0.7-1.1 mm long; Fruit erect, at least when young, 7-30 cm by 1.5-5 mm. Seeds pubescent, 8.2-15 by 1.8-2.5 mm, coma 32-66 mm long.

Fruit and flower season: 

Flowers March - August, fruits March - December.

Distribution: 

Found in Southeast Asia - Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia. In VietNam, found in Quảng Trị qua Kon Tum, Bà Rịa, Ðồng Nai. 

Ecological: 

Secondary rain forest, mixed deciduous forest, bamboo forest, scrub woodland, savannah and mangrove swamps; at elevations up to 400 m.

Chemical: 

N-demethylholacurtine

Uses: 

The bark and roots have been used to treat dysentery.

Reference: 

- theplantlist.org

- efloras.org

- ipni.org

- Flora of Thailand. vol 7, pt. 1. (1999)   p 250, Pl. IV(1).

- Jack R. Cannon, Emil L. Ghisalberti and Vitchu Lojanapiwatna; The alkaloids of Holarrhena curtisii King and Gamble; J. Sci. Soc. Thailand, 6 (1980) 81-89

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0 Firmiana simplex W.Wight

Firmiana simplex W.Wight, Bull. Bur. Pl. Industr. U.S.D.A. 142, 67 (1909).

Firmiana simplex (L.) W.Wight; Photos Paco Garin

Latinh name: 

Firmiana simplex (L.) W.Wight 1909 (MALVACEAE).

Synonyms: 

Hibiscus simplex L; Firmiana platanifolia (L. f.) Schott & Endlicher; Sterculia firmiana J. F. Gmelin; S. platanifolia L. f. 

Description: 

Deciduous trees, up to 16 m tall; bark greenish, smooth. Petiole 15-30 cm; leaf blade cordate, palmately 3-5-lobed, 15-30 cm in diam., lobes triangular, both surfaces glabrous or minutely puberulent, basal veins 7, base cordate, apex acuminate. Inflorescence paniculate, terminal, 20-50 cm. Calyx yellowish green, 7-9 mm, divided nearly to base, lobes linear, twisted outward, abaxially puberulent and yellowish; pedicel nearly as long as calyx. Male flower: androgynophore as long as calyx, thicker in lower part, glabrous. Anthers 15, irregularly fascicled, pistillode pear-shaped and very small. Female flower: ovary globose, hairy. Follicle membranous, stalked, foliaceous, 6-11 × 1.5-2.5 cm, 2-4-seeded, abaxially puberulent or nearly glabrous. Seeds globose, ca. 7 mm in diam., wrinkled. 

Distribution: 

Species native to China, Taiwan, Vietnam and Japan. In Iturraran is in area 3.

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0 Geissaspis cristata Wight & Arnott

 Geissaspis cristata Wight & Arnott, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 218. 1834.

Geissaspis cristata Wight & Arn.; Photos Nguyen Hoang Nam

Vietnamese name: 

Mái đậu

Chinese name: 

睫苞豆 jie bao dou

English name:

Latin name: 

Geissaspis cristata Wight & Arn. 

Family: 

Fabaceae

Synonym name:

Zornia disperma Graham

Description: 

Slender prostrate herbs on marshy areas, rooting at lower nodes. Leaves even- pinnate; leaflets 4, 0.5-1 x 0.2-0.6 cm, obovate, obtuse to emarginate at tip, sessile; petiole 0.5-1 cm long; stipules c. 6 mm long, ovate, spurred at base, ciliate along margins. Flowers in long-peduncled spikes, concealed in closely imbricating bracts; peduncle to 4.5 cm long; bracts 0.8-1 cm diam., reniform, reticulate, imbricate, persistent, margins with many long stiff brown cilia. Calyx c. 2.5 mm long, deeply 2-lipped; upper lip entire, lower 3-toothed. Corolla 3-5 mm long, purplish; standard to 5 x 3 mm, broadly obovate; wings to 3 x 1.5 mm, obliquely obovate; keel incurved, obtuse. Stamens monadelphous; filaments free in the upper portion. Ovary c. 1 mm long, suborbicular; style incurved; stigma minute. Pods 1-2-jointed; joints c. 4 x 3 mm, orbicular, reticulately veined, beaked. seed c. 2.5 mm long, brown. 

Flower and fruid season: 

May-January.

Distribution: 

This species is distributed in China, Cambodia, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam. In VietNam, found in Bình Châu, Đồng Nai.

Ecological: 

Beaches, sandy wetlands; below 100 m.

Uses: 

Treatment of headaches, sores, eye ulcers, dermatitis, dysmenorrhea and carpal tunnel syndrome.

Reference: 

- theplantlist.org

- efloras.org

- ipni.org

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0 Habenaria dentata Schltr.

Habenaria dentata Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 125 (1919).

Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr.; Photos Nguyen Van Canh

Vietnamese name: 

Hà biện răng, Kiến cò răng

Chinise name: 

鹅毛玉凤花 e mao yu feng hua 

Common Name: 

The Toothed Habenaria - in Ryukyu Islands - Dai-Sagi-So - Seitaka-sagi-so

Thailand Name: 

Nang ua noi, Wan khao nieo, Ueang khao tok

Latin Name: 

Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr.

Family: 

Orchidaceae

Synonym Name: 

Habenaria dentata var. dentata

Habenaria dentata var. tohoensis (Hayata) S.S.Ying

Habenaria geniculata D.Don

Habenaria miersiana Champ. ex Benth.

Habenaria sieboldiana Miq.

Habenaria tohoensis Hayata

Orchis dentata Sw.

Orchis geniculata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don 

Plantaginorchis dentata (Sw.) Szlach.

Platanthera dentata (Sw.) Lindl.

Platanthera geniculata (D.Don) Lindl. ex Wall.

Platanthera geniculata (D. Don) Lindl.

Description: 

The orchid is 50-60 cm high, the flower cluster is 15 cm long, the flower cluster has 15-20 flowers, the flower size is 3-4 cm, blooming in the fall. 

Distribution: 

Found in the Assam, eastern Himalayas, Nepal, western Himalayas, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, the Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, China, Taiwan and Japan. In VietNam, found in, Sơn La, Lai Châu, Lào Cai, Vĩnh Phú, Thừa Thiên - Huế, Đà Nẵng, Lâm Đồng, Đồng Nai, Kom Tum.

Ecological: 

Forests on slopes or along valleys; at elevations of 200-2300 m.

Uses: 

Treating inflammation of the testicles and fallopian tubes.

Reference: 

- theplantlist.org

- efloras.org

- orchidspecies.com

- ipni.org

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